What steps are involved in making a TFT LCD display?

TFT LCDs can be broken down into three simple sections, from bottom to top: the light system, the circuit system, and the light and color management system.Starting with the internal light and color control system, the production process will then be extended to include the entire module.

The TFT LCD manufacturing process is typically broken down into three major components: the array, cell, and module. The first two processes concern the creation of a cell, or TFT, CF (color filter), and LC (liquid crystal)-based light and color management system. The assembly of the light system, circuit, and cell is the final phase.

1. Array

The huge glass that will be broken into smaller pieces in the next stage will undergo a range of procedures in this step to increase production.

Let me first introduce you to an important resource called ITO. ITO, which stands for indium tin oxide, is easily depositionable as a thin film and possesses the properties of electrical conductivity and optical transparency. In order to construct circuits on glass, it is frequently employed.

Let's now discuss the creation of TFT and CF. Here is a typical technique known as the PR (photoresist) approach. TFT manufacture will serve as a demonstration of the PR method's entire process.

TFT:

Place ITO and semiconductor material on the glass substrate in the designated order.

coating for photoresist.

Clean up the exposed photoresist after partial exposure.

Remove the ITO and semiconductor from the circuit without the photoresist cover.

Remove any remaining photoresist.

We frequently need to repeat the steps five times in order to build the entire circuit.

CF:

Using the PR approach, create a black matrix on the glass substrate to serve as the boundary.

Use the PR approach to individually coat the red, green, and blue materials inside the black matrix.

Apply an overcover to the layer of RGB (red, green, and blue).

ITO circuit for deposit.

2. Cell

We will assemble the TFT and CF glass in this stage and simultaneously fill the LC.

Apply polyimide film on the ITO side of both TFT and CF glass in order to restrict the initial direction of the LC molecule.

Create a border for LC on both glasses using glue. Additionally, add another layer of conductive adhesive to the CF glass. Due to this, LC molecules can now connect to the control system.

Within the confines, fill LC.

Connect two glasses together, then cut the big glass into small, uniform pieces.

On both sides of the etched glass, attach polarizing film.

3. Module Connect the circuit system's cell first

Join the driver IC and the cell.

Connect the flexible printed circuit (FPC) driver IC.

Connect the exterior printed circuit board assembly to the FPC.

Prepare the lighting system next.

Attach the light source, often an LED or CCFL, to the light guide plate. The reflector film lies underneath.

Place the prism film first, then the diffuser film, on the light source. These two films are used in conjunction with reflector film to diffuse the point light from a light source and increase light intensity.

Connect the light source to the light control circuit, which is always a different kind of PCBA.

The last stage entails putting everything together with the screen frame and performing an aging test.